Roman Numeral Conversion Chart

Many older books and articles use Roman numerals to designate their references to verses and page numbers.  Since many people are not familiar with this numbering system, the following chart is made available to aid those who would like assistance with converting Roman numerals to its Arabic numerical equivalent.

Notes

• The i represents a number 1, v represents 5, x presents 10, l represents 50, c represents 100, d represents 500, and m represents 1000
• When a smaller Roman numeral proceeds a larger Roman numeral,  it is subtracted from the larger Roman numeral. For example, iv equal 4. This is because i (1) proceeds v (5); therefore,  it is subtracted from v to yield 4.
• When a smaller Roman numeral follows after a larger Roman numeral, it is added to the larger Roman numeral. For example, vi equals 6.  This is because i (1) follows after v (5); therefore,  it is added to the v to yield 6.
• The Roman numeral xc is equal to 90, because x (10) is smaller than c (100) and it proceeds c (100); therefore, x (10) is subtracted from c (100) to yield 90.
• The Roman numeral cx is equal to 110, because x (10) is smaller than c (100) and it follows after c (100); therefore, x (10) is added to c (100) to yield 110.
• Arabic - Roman Numeral converter

Last edited 05/29/2008

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